Workshop on Research Methodology
Introduction to Research Methodology
Research Methodology is the backbone of scientific research. Whether you are a nursing student, pharmacy student, medical researcher, or life-science scholar, understanding research methodology is essential for conducting systematic, ethical, and reliable research.
What is Research Methodology?
Research methodology refers to the structured framework and techniques used to:
- Identify a research problem
- Collect relevant data
- Analyze findings
- Draw valid conclusions
Research Methodology Definition
Research methodology is the scientific, systematic, and logical approach used to plan, conduct, analyze, and interpret research in order to generate new knowledge or validate existing information.
Core Topics in Research Methodology
Why Do Research?
Research helps generate new knowledge, improve existing practices, and support evidence-based decision-making in healthcare and science.
Steps of Research
The research process follows a systematic sequence from identifying a problem to data analysis, interpretation, and reporting results.
Idea, Hypothesis, and Objectives
This section explains how a research idea is developed into a testable hypothesis and clear, measurable research objectives.
How to Conduct a Literature Search – An Overview
Learn how to identify, evaluate, and organize existing scientific literature to understand research gaps and avoid duplication.
Error and Bias in Research & How to Eliminate Them
An overview of common research errors and biases and the methods used to minimize their impact on study results.
Study Designs in Research Methodology
Introduces different observational and experimental study designs used to answer various research questions effectively.
Methods of Data Collection
Covers common tools and techniques used to collect reliable and valid data for research studies.
Pilot Study
Explains the purpose of conducting a small preliminary study to test feasibility and refine the research methodology.
Screening Volunteers and Animals
Provides an overview of selecting suitable human participants and animals based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Ethics of Research Involving Humans
Highlights ethical principles such as informed consent, confidentiality, and participant safety in human research.
Ethics of Research Involving Animals
Introduces ethical guidelines for animal research, focusing on humane treatment and the 3Rs principle.
Protocol Writing in Research Methodology
Explains the importance of preparing a structured research protocol outlining study objectives, methods, and ethics.
Data Management
Covers basic concepts of organizing, storing, protecting, and maintaining research data for accuracy and integrity.
Execution of Research Study
Provides an overview of implementing the approved research plan, monitoring progress, and ensuring quality control.
Four Types of Research Methodology
1. Quantitative Research
- Numerical Data
- Statistical Analysis
- Experiments and Surveys
2. Qualitative Research
- Non-numerical data
- Interviews and observations
- Behavioral and social research
3. Descriptive Research
- Describes characteristics of a population
- No cause-effect analysis
4. Analytical Research
- Analyzes relationships and causes
- Tests hypotheses
How to Access?
The Research Methodology Workshop is available inside the MyCalPharm software under the “Workshops” section. Each topic comes with:
- A detailed PowerPoint presentation
- Key definitions and formulas
- Example-based explanations
- Quiz or recap (added in later versions of MyCalPharm)
- Frequently asked questions and answers
The content is presented in a consistent and easy-to-understand format for self-directed learning or in the classroom!
Conclusion
Research methodology provides a systematic and ethical framework for conducting meaningful research. A strong understanding of research methodology improves study quality, credibility, and scientific impact, especially in nursing, pharmacy, and healthcare research.